How Strong is The Thing?

Also: a review of his life

- Fantastic Four 108, letters page.

Strong enough to knock the Hulk out with one punch

Later we will see why Ben normally acts a lot weaker than this.

Who is stronger: the Hulk or The Thing? The Hulk and Thing have often met, and The Thing has only beaten the Hulk once (in FF320, or twice if you include Giant Size FF 1). The Thing believes himself to be weaker than the Hulk and has said so. In his gymnasium he knows his limits - e.g. 85 tons. It's an open and shut case, right? Wrong. It is true that The Thing is unable to consciously draw on extra strength, but that's not the whole story. He is also unable to consciously revert back to human form. Under the right circumstances he can do things he normally finds impossible, like change to Ben Grimm at will... or beat the Hulk. Later we will look at his real limits.But first, a couple more measures of his power.

Who is the world's strongest male?

The Hulk is famous for claiming to be "the strongest one there is." That is the whole point of his magazine. But only the Fantastic Four has any claim to continuity, for reasons discussed on this site's home page. So if we restrict ourselves to evidence from the FF's own magazine, we see something interesting. Although Ben believes himself to be weaker than the Hulk, outside observers identify Ben as the world's strongest male. Thundra, for example, came for the express purpose of finding the strongest male and defeating him: she chose Ben Grimm.

strongest

In another comic the Champion of the Universe came to the same conclusion (see below).

Criticism of the Thundra evidence
In FF151, Medusa said the Hulk and Thor are stronger than Ben. But Medusa was simply repeating what Thundra now believed, after beating Ben while he was sick. Thundra knew very little about the Earth, but she had been sent by scientists and historians . Thundra's missiom

The bottom line is that the Femizons in the future had all of human history to study. Thundra was basing her belief on very brief anecdotal evidence, whereas the people who sent her had the sum of human history to study. They knew all about the Hulk, they knew all about Thor, and they sent her to Ben Grimm. The temporal vortex that drew Thundra to the Baxter Building was a red herring. If Thundra was looking for a green angry guy she would have said "whoops, wrong location" and kept looking for the green angry guy. Instead, future historians sent her to Ben Grimm.

Who is the strongest being in the galaxy?

Who is the strongest being in the galaxy? The Hulk? Thor? Some alien? Obviously this depends on how we define strength - strength without determination or intelligence may be a weakness. But the Skrulls observed the Earth for years, and must have seen both the Hulk and Thor in action and what did they conclude? Back when they staged the great games? "The strongest one they could find in the Sol Galaxy" was... The Thing.

The Champion of The Universe confirms the fact

The Champion of the Universe is one of the alien Elders of the Universe. In other words, he's Galactus level. On the subject of strength, he is a universal authority. Wikipedia summarizes:

"The Champion wishes to prove himself the greatest warrior in the universe. He keeps himself busy by fighting powerful warriors throughout the universe, and has even fought a number of assorted Earth superheroes, including The Thing, both the Incredible Hulk and the She-Hulk, Colossus, Thor, and Wonder Man. ... Of all the opponents the Champion ever faced, only the Thing lasted more than two rounds. The Champion could not be beaten (he was, after all, an Elder of the Universe), but the Thing astonished the Champion with his resilience and courage, leading the Champion to say the Thing was the opponent he had sought through the ages, the one who would require all of his might and skill. His jaw broken and severely beaten after collapsing at the end of the third round, the Thing crawled across the ring to demand the fight continue when the Champion claimed victory. When forced to choose between killing his defeated opponent or yielding, the Champion yielded. When the Thing said he was "just too stupid and ugly to give up," the Champion replied he could never defeat the Thing. He might break his bones and his body, but he could not break his spirit. Any planet which could produce a champion such as the Thing, he said, was a truly worthy world."

Note: The Hulk was disqualified because the Champion refused to "soil his hands on a mindless animal." Strength is more than destructive power. Strength is how you apply that power: it includes intelligence, skill, and spirit. In these areas the Thing is well above Hulk level. Thor was disqualified because he needed his hammer: The Champion was looking for unaided strength.

So Why does Ben think he's weaker than the Hulk? Let's step inside Ben's mind.

The origin of the "Weaker than the Hulk" myth

The first FF annual contained a series of pages looking back at the comic, and ending with a section answering reader's questions. One question concerned the Thing's strength:

Seems pretty clear cut, right? "We feel the Hulk is stronger" because he can jump! But who is this "we"?

I'll let you into a secret. I was once involved in making an official handbook for a well known comic. But I didn't know anything about the comic, I was just sent a pile to read. I noticed that the other writers just made stuff up. That's how these handbooks and fact pages work. if you're lucky they might be written by the writer at the time, but mainly they are considered filler and given to somebody else. And sometimes they just don't make any sense.

The Think is weaker because the Hulk can jump? That's what you might think if you just glanced at the comics. But look closer and it makes no sense: in their only meeting to that date, the Hulk jumped at the end while saying he was too weak to fight the Thing! He may have had "the mightiest legs in earth" but he said he "didn't stand a chance" against the Thing in that condition. So jumping means nothing. Even Spider-Man jumps, and he's much weaker than The Thing. It's like the writer of the Q&A had never read the comics.
jumping

Talking of not reading the comics, the writer says that Johnny is sixteen. but issue 11, which came out 7 months earlier, said Johnny was seventeen! And this writer says that Johnny's clothes will all burn unless they are made of unstable molecules. But that contradicts the fact page in issue 8: only the costumes have unstable molecules. It is well established that the rest of Johnny's stuff is either made with asbestos or coated with special sprays. That isn't just a random fact, that was Stan Lee's style. He was always writing about "asbestos this" and "spray on that".

But whoever wrote this answers page did not know that. And then we have other facts that seem made up out of thin air: like Ben's hobby is reading adventure stories? This was never referenced in any comic. Neither was Sue's supposed hobby of cooking, or Johnny listening to jazz.

Talking of Stan;'s style, the writing style is completely different. If you read the early letters pages the answers are fun, witty, clever, just like Stan's writing. But this "answers to questions" is far more formal and grammatical with sentences like this:
"Designed by Mr Fantastic of unstable molecules, Torch's Uniform unites with the flame until he flames off, at which time it drapes his body again like normal cloth"
Or look at how the writer calculates Johnny's speed using mathematics. That doesn't sound like Stan at all. Come to that, this is part of a series of pages that sound like they were written by an outsider who was told to read the comics and summarize them briefly. Which is probably exactly what happened!

The month that this annual was prepared was incredibly busy. It was the first time Stan had ever made annuals, and the same month also saw the Spider-man annual, and two brand new comics, the Avengers and X-Men. I'm going out on a limb here, and maybe I'm being sexist, but the more formal grammar, and the references to reading and jazz, and the fact that it answers readers' letters makes me wonder if Flo Steinberg wrote this, and Stan only glanced at it? Flo had the grammar and the avant gard tastes (she campaigned for the democrats and later worked for underground comics). And crucially, Flo was the one who read the readers' letters, and would pass the questions on to Stan each month. But this month Stan was extra busy, yet had extra pages to fill. I wonder if he said "write a page answering their questions, and I'll give it a quick check then get Jack to illustrate it"

In short, I don't think Stan was much involved in this answers page. Or if he was he was in a hurry, as it contradicted the comics. But because of this one page the idea was spread that the Hulk is stronger than the Thing. And that Johnny was two different ages at once. And that all Johnny's clothes were made of unstable molecules...

The Thing's psychological restraints

Like the Hulk, The Thing's power is controlled by his complex psychology. For example, he is unable to change back to human form because subconsciously he doesn't want to, even though consciously he wants to.

Reed must have suspected these psychological restraints because his first successful attempt to cure The Thing involved removing these restraints. AN unfortunate side effect is that, without his internal restraint, the Thing became evil (see FF 210-212).

At this time he fought the Hulk, and they were evenly matched. The Hulk was slightly stronger only because he was slightly bigger.

The Hulk only won because The Thing was distracted at a crucial moment.

Their next major battle ended in a similar way: the Hulk can only win when Ben is weakened.

This issue also implies that when Ben is around the Hulk he's weakened by the Hulk's gamma radiation. No doubt this contributes to his belief that he is slightly weaker. However, the biggest difference is that the Hulk gets stronger as he gets angrier, whereas the Thing does not let himself get angry so remains at the same strength level.

Weaker than the Hulk? It's mostly psychological

The Hulk never pulls his punches. But the Thing nearly always does.

"This is what the Thing has always feared more than anything else, that he would lose control and really clobber somebody." (- Stan Lee, in "Marvel Comics: The Untold Story" by Sean Howe, p. 64)

As we saw with his ability to change, Ben's abilities are restrained by subconscious psychological blocks. Reed sees this and tells him his he's weaker than the Hulk (e.g. in FF25). As a result he believes his strength is limited. But his belief is misguided, as we shall see.

Parallels with the Hulk

Thanks to Peter David we know that the Hulk's powers are closely entwined with his psychological state. There is plenty of evidence that the Thing's mental state is just as complicated, as we saw after Secret Wars: the entire Battleworld planet responded to Ben's psyche.

It appears that the Hulk and Thing have the same basic powers (when adjusted for size), but Ben's default psychological state is not rage. The Hulk's default state is rage, due to Bruce Banner's childhood abuse. But he Thing's default psychological state is repression, due to hating his appearance, unconscious fear of hurting anyone, and inner conflict over marrying Alicia. So the Thing subconsciously restrains himself, and believes himself weaker. The Hulk does not know restraint, and believes himself the strongest one there is.

When Alicia married Johnny, Ben started to work through his psychological issues. It's no coincidence that he then became much stronger (the famous Pineapple Thing stage when he decisively beat the Grey Hulk). Sure, the pineapple change was immediately caused by cosmic rays, but they reflect the emotional state (hence the Fantastic Four had different powers). At the same time Marvel Girl also gained Thing-like power, but she was emotionally mixed up, hence her strength was less.

A scientific comparison

Given that the Thing may pull his punches, the only fair way to compare their strength is to have them swap bodies. This is exactly what happened in Giant Size Fantastic Four issue 1. And it is clear that the Hulk is only slightly stronger than the Thing, and that's only because he's slightly bigger.

Note that this is 1974, at the same time as the weak Thing storyline, discussed later. (Thundra is in this story, behaving exactly as she did around the "weak Thing" stories). So we are seeing the Thing at his weakest. Despite that he is described as only "slightly" weaker than The Hulk.

Also note that one frame describes them fighting for "several minutes" (probably more, since the battle lasts several pages) and this is BEFORE the Thing says (actually, thinks) that he has trouble controlling that body. He has trouble controlling it? Yet he's been fighting for several minutes at least! Clearly he means "control" in the sense of "not hitting too hard." He says he wants to talk yet the Hulk just hits him. It's all about self control.

Another scientific test

In The Hulk Annual 18, 1993, the Thing and Hulk are at a time in their lives when they have a weekly arm wrestle. These are perfect laboratory conditions: complete concentration, no emotion from the Hulk, and no fear of accidentally hurting others from The Thing. The story shows they are evenly matched. Granted, it's post 1991 and clearly intended as humor, so not necessarily canon, but it reveals the thinking of the writer, the legendary Peter David: the man who knows the Hulk better than anyone.

Hulk annual 18:
arm wrestle

Note that they had an arm wrestle once before, in Hulk 122, but at the time the Thing was under the illusion that he was weaker, so he gave up. This was around the same time as Fantastic Four 112, when, with his psychological restraint removed, the Thing was again a good match for the Hulk - any strength difference was merely due to the Hulk being larger.

Why doesn't Ben jump?

It is often assumed that Ben is weaker than the Hulk because the Hulk routinely jumps large distances, and Ben does not. Ben thinks he is unable to absorb the force of a long fall, but he is wrong.

jumping

As Sharon discovered in FF311, a "Thing" body is almost impossible to damage. And she really tried!

jumping

So Ben is perfectly capable of absorbing massive forces after a jump. But does he have the strength to leap like the Hulk? Yes he does.

jumping

In this example, from their first ever meeting, the Hulk had much less strength than the Thing, yet could still jump. So the Thing has plenty of strength for great jumps. Even Spider-Man jumps modest distances, and he's weaker than the Thing.
jumping

So why does Ben not jump? There are at least three possibilities:

Maybe Reed undermined his confidence so much in the early days that he is unconsciously convinced that he can't, even though he can.

Possibly his rocky form makes it difficult: the explosive force of a jump requires joints to rotate at incredible speed, not just incredible force, and perhaps the rocks get in the way?

Perhaps it's psychological. When you jump large distance you do not know where you will land: it's like firing a bullet randomly into the air. The Hulk does not care (or in the early days he only jumped in deserts), but the Thing does: unconsciously he will not let himself take that chance.

Or maybe Ben never mastered the telekinetic part of it. Feats of ludicrous strength are largely telekinetic: e.g. so you can lift an item by the corner without it crumbling, or in this case so you can land on normal ground without making a gigantic hole. The Hulk got a lot of practice in the early days by carrying Rick Jones: Rick could not survive the sudden acceleration like the Hulk could, so old Greenskin must have learned how to moderate his speed during the flight. The Thing never had the practice, so he never learned how. As far as I know, no other super-strong character ever managed it either.

Why Ben thinks he's weaker than he is

The false belief that Ben is much weaker than the Hulk originates in FF 133. Ben was already suffering from a serious head injury, so a massive blow to the head was enough to almost knock him out. This had nothing to do with his muscles, it was simply his head injury.

Ben's head injury

Also note his unconscious unwillingness to hit a lady. And the fact that Thundra is the strongest fighter on her planet, who specialises in defeating the most save super powered males. She has a very specific technique, to hit them in just the right part of the head with multiple tons of force. Ouch!

Let's start at the beginning

Back near the start of Ben's career, Reed had 3 ton weight installed: he must have concluded, based on his experience, that this was near to Ben's limit. Soon after (in FF18, 1963) the Skrulls estimated Ben's lifting capacity at five tons.
Thing lifts 3 tons

But most of Ben's feats of strength are near to other people, and he unconsciously holds back for fear of hurting them, as seen here in FF annual 5 and FF250.

Ben strength

Apparently he also holds back when exercising, unconsciously thinking about using his strength in battles. When he is thinking of something else we see a very different strength level. In this case (from FF6, 1962) he simply has to squeeze some metal. It was a matter or pride so he was able to give extra force. Note the look on Johnny's face: Johnny was accustomed to Ben's normal strength level, so this was a real shock.

titanium box

How much force was applied? I showed this image to some engineers and they suggested a ballpark figure of around 150 tons. Mainly because pure titanium is brittle and the rivets imply a regular steel case. The block appears to be some kind of tile for the purpose of supporting vast weight (or possible absorbing heat or some other property). The rivets do not pop out when bent so they were probably there to hold the casing together during manufacture while it was welded solid. So the Thing, in effect, is bending a thick steel box containing very strong but brittle solid. If the titanium were some less brittle alloy then the final stage, twisting the edges very near to the point of bending (which is much, much harder than twisting a long metal pole), would take around half a million tons of force. It would also make the object extremely hot: the energy of bending has to go somewhere. As you can see, there are many variables, and a wide range of possibilities. But at the very least, given that the Thing is honest and as a test pilot has some experience of engineering, we must conclude that he exerted many many times his "five ton" limit.

A similar event happened a few issues later: when angry and distracted, he suddenly had access to vastly more strength:

strength

The psychology goes deep

Most of the Fantastic Four can be seen as a portrait of the depth of Ben's psychological frustration. it runs so deep that it prevents him from changing at will, either to human or to being the Thing:

So how strong is he, unconsciously?

In FF issue 18 the Skrulls estimated that Ben could not lift more than five tons. At around the same time, in an early issue of Strange Tales, he is tied to a ten ton object. Johnny is near him and he is worried about Alicia (their opponent is the Puppet Master), so the usual worries are present: he is only just able to move. But when those restraints are removed his strength seems to have almost no limit. This example id from FF 92, on a Skrull planet, when Ben's brain is recovering from mental control:

The last frame makes it look like the hydraulo-press was carried by a car, But this is an alien world and looks can be deceiving. It clearly isn't just a heavy pile of metal, or the Thing could have just knocked it over sideways, or lifted it without crumpling it. Clearly it has some special kind of force (magnetic? gravitational?) to give it the power it needs.

How strong was this hydraulo-press?

The hydraulo-press looks like an earth pile driver, but is designed to push through planets. Earth based pile drivers typically have a ramming force of between 80- and 500 tons. they achieve this by weighing maybe 20 tons and being dropped from several feet. (It appears from the pictures that the Skrull hydraulo-press does not need to be dropped to have its force varied, so it probably operates on a different principle. It appears to be vibrating.)

If earth based presses can achieve 500 tons, and the Skrull press could achieve much more than this, then it appears that The Thing can lift over a thousand tons when he has to, when pushed to the limit. Notice that at this time he was influenced by a "brain blast" mind control ray, and was highly frustrated at not being able to escape previously. So the usual psychological blocks probably did not apply.

Lifting ten thousand tons

A typical main bridge cable supports ten thousand tons. I'll write that again: TEN THOUSAND TONS. On at least two occasions - in Strange Tales 131 and Fantastic Four 234, The Thing has held bridge cables together for an extended period. In both cases, The Thing was holding the main cables.

Note: in FF234 Ben later received help from Skip Collins ("the man with the power") but Skip didn't see Ben until AFTER he held the cables together. Ben then notices that the Bridge changes to feels lighter. Before that it was heavier, and Ben still held it: For a time, The Thing supported the entire weight of the bridge - tens of thousands of tons - without help.

bridge

Summary: anger versus stubbornness

In summary, the Hulk's defining psychological characteristic is anger. The angrier he gets, the stronger he gets. The Thing's defining psychological characteristic is stubbornness: and it appears that the more stubborn he gets, the stronger he gets. The times when The Thing shows the greatest strength are when either the psychological restraints are reduced (e.g. on the Skrull world) or when he believes that thousands of lives depend on him (lifting the bridge, or fighting Champion.) Stubbornness seems to be the Thing's equivalence to the Hulk's rage. They both increase their strength in response to stress. However, the Hulk becomes angrier as he fights, whereas The Thing maintains self control out of fear of hurting others. That is the main difference between the two.

The bottom line: the Thing is consciously able to lift less than the Hulk. But unconsciously, under the right circumstances, he can call on almost unlimited strength. When he does.. watch out, world!

Why Ben can't change

About Ben and Reed

Ben and Reed have known each other since college days (FF11, annual 2). This was the same period when Reed met Sue, so Sue has known Ben for just as long.
Ben and Reed worked together on the space ship: the first page of the origin says "we haven't done enough research" and Reed says "Susan, Ben and I know what we're doing... but you..." indicating that Ben is more familiar with the work than Sue.
Ben and Reed often strongly disagree: that is how the origin starts and ends. In FF11 there is competition between them, but also respect. Years later Reed often refers to Ben as "old friend" but that may be just to keep him on board.
Ben loves Sue. Although Sue has known Reed since childhood, her love for him is not assured: she will seriously consider Prince Namor, and as late as FF33 Reed still wonders who she loves. Ben Grimm, the "touchdown king" (FF annual 2) and star test pilot, is a more obvious choice then nerdy pipe-smoking Reed, who always puts his experiments before Sue. In FF118 we see that in another reality Sue marries Ben. In FF1 and again in FF3 Ben is frustrated that Sue seems to prefer Reed instead of the now-monstrous Ben, and in FF8 Ben finally falls for someone who looks just like Sue.

So why can't Ben change back?

As the story develops over the years it becomes clear that the reason Ben cannot change is psychological (this is finally stated clearly in FF245, but the clues are there all along). For most of the story it was Ben's need to impress Alicia, but in the early days Ben was trying to impress Sue. Consider the influences on his self confidence:

Ben grew up n a poor neighborhood. He had to struggle.
He abandoned his natural tribe Yancy Street Gang and tried to succeed alone in a world he did not know.
He excelled at sports and at school, and in the gang-like world of the military, but he is getting older and cannot be a young jock forever. Insecurity is always there.
He became friends with a greater alpha male, Reed. Reed was probably his only real friend. But Reed had wealth and contacts and excelled in the world of class and privilege where Ben struggled.
They were rivals for the same girl: Sue.
Ben was supposed to pilot Reed's rocket ship. A rocket is the ultimate phallic symbol, the roof of being the greatest alpha male of all. And Reed wanted Ben to pilot it, driving the vehicle that says "Reed is the greatest"? What humiliation!
He refused (using the excuse of the normal dangers: no doubt he mentioned more than just cosmic rays, but in hindsight that is the complaint that was remembered). Then Sue called him a coward. That hurt!
He had just one job to do, pilot the ship, and he didn't even get that right: it crashed! He must have been burning with shame and anger.
Sue then calls him a Thing, and it hurt - when they choose names he says he would use the name Sue gave him. He is a thing, a nameless object: he had lost his identity, the only identity he ever had, as an alpha male.
All he has now is his strength. It's the only thing that might let him compete with other men. Psychologically he will not let himself lose that.
In the rest of act 1 Reed criticizes Ben in front of Sue at every opportunity. This makes Ben angry, provoking more criticism, and so on.
He realizes he has lost Sue, then in FF8 he falls for a girl who looks just like Sue but is blind. Forever after (until act 5) he believes that only a blind person could love him.
The only time he can change at will is when either he loses all moral restraint (and hence self doubt), or when he is completely cut off from the others on battle world, where nobody will judge him.

In summary, Sue began the problem. She very quickly became compassionate, but the early damage was done. Since then Reed pushed the knife in deep and twisted it over the years. He didn't mean to, but he lacks emotional empathy so cannot see what he is doing to his best friend. Ben will never obtain peace until he came to accept himself in act 5.

"So Reed is bad?"

Ben is not innocent here. His years of suffering are a result of his anger at the start. Reed always did the best he possibly could, but Ben could not see that. Ben lashed out angrily, and Reed concluded that Ben had anger problems. So Reed treated Ben like a child, and that just made it worse. Neither man is guilty, they simply have small human weaknesses: Ben has anger and self hatred, Reed has difficulty in seeing how his words might hurt. Both men are both great heroes brought low by small flaws. In that sense this is a Shakespearean tragedy.

Key stages in his character development:

Acts 1-3, defeated by Reed

FF1. The story starts at the climax of his life: after pulling himself up from a childhood in the gutter, he has everything: youth, a job as a test pilot, a sense of humor, handsome face and great body, he's the kind of guy women swoon over. Then it all goes wrong.
FF2-14: Defeat: Reed gains leadership over the team. Frustration and constant belittling from the team has its toll.
FF8. He has lost Sue, and finds Alicia: the double of Sue, but blind. This reinforces his mistaken view that he is ugly.
FF25-26: He comes to believes he is weak, and fully accepts Reed as leader. The irony is that they talk about his spirit, but this is a barbed compliment: it assumes that he is doomed to lose. In reality he could win easily if his spirit was not broken. This is The Strange Tales Era: FF29-40 (August 1964-July 1965) corresponds to the Thing as co-star with the Torch in Strange Tales (123-134). Here Ben is emotionally on the same level as Johnny Storm, a teenager.
FF39-43: Humiliation: The first long term change back to plain Ben Grimm, and Reed forces him back. Meanwhile Ben once again shows that he is in fact strong: humiliating Doom.
FF51: the lowest point of Despair and self hatred. He hates Reed, but is resigned to his fate. He sees the surfer as a handsome love rival, and believes he cannot compete.
FF50,55,66: Misery. He believes he is losing Alicia.
FF68-69: he again fights back at Reed. (Note that hypnotism is a two way street. At some level the person gives unconscious permission. The thinker knows that changing him will have that effect. His equipment is not so different from what Reed does in 112, which is why Reed assumes that it will "cure" Ben. Ben doers not need to be physically cured: his problem is in his self esteem tat fears being weak and will not let him change back as the others can.)
FF78-79: "This Monster Forever": he no longer hates Reed. The fighter has gone. He gets another chance to be just human, and this time turns himself back.
FF90-93: a reminder of his natural self, physically much stronger when away from Reed.

Acts 4: recovery, finding himself

FF106-113: Reed loses his influence and Ben's old spark begins to return. Ben's deepest anger resurfaces at what Reed did to him: free of Reed he is again able to change.
FF113: Reed helps him calms down. The insecurity is still there (hence unable to change again) but he no longer feels dependent on Reed. Reed promises to try to "cure" him again, but Ben smashes the machine. He no longer respects Reed or even cares what Reed thinks.
FF126: Reed's influence has gone. Ben must start again, deciding where to go from here, rebuilding his life. For a discussion of Ben's loneliness, and struggle for self acceptance, see notes by FF129. (This is the Ben Grimm I grew up with.) At about this time Marvel Two in One begins: this is The Road Trip Era, where Ben wanders from place to place, meeting different people. In the Road Trip Era Ben is no longer self hating, Reed no longer has any emotional power over him (except as a friend and equal), but Ben is emotionally lost.
FF167: he gains confidence, and changes, but realizes he isn't ready to be an ordinary human.
FF170: he thinks he;s solved his problems and plans to marry Alicia. But he hasn't solved the underlying confidence issue and it all goes wrong.
FF175: in Marvel Two in One 50 he goes back to the start and changes history (at least in a parallel world). he now accepts his life, or thinks he does: so begins The Poker Era. beginning with Marvel Two in One 51, we see that Ben regularly plays poker with other heroes. He has settles down, or at least tells himself that he has.
FF190: the team collapses around him
FF226: Alicia begins to despair that he will ever commit.
FF236: Ben abandons his policy of accepting his lot. He wants Alicia!! What follows is a short period of silent soul searching, including regressing to the state where he first met Alicia, until finally he has to get away to work things out in his head.
FF251: he abandons Alicia for the last time. She can't take it any more. At around this time in marvel Two In One 100, Ben returns to the parallel world he fixed in issue 50, and finds it has all gone wrong. This is the end of Marvel Two In One and the start of The Self Analysis Era, represented by "The Thing", a 36 issue series where Ben examines his life and fights his own inner demons.
FF270: Ben is away to work through his psychological problems. Alicia turns to Johnny.
FF274: Ben returns, realizes he's lost Alicia, and begins to face the truth.

Acts 5: pain, healing and triumph

FF296: he still blames Reed. Sue calls him on it. He realizes she is right.
FF297: attempted suicide: his lowest point of despair.
FF303: he stops running from himself
FF304: Reed asks him to lead the team.
FF310: his strength increases; with the she-Thing he sees himself as others see him
FF317: he is happy and at peace
FF320: he finally defeats the Hulk

The future: reconciled with Alicia

All the indications are that Ben will finally return to Alicia, but continuity ends abruptly and we never see the details. (Instead the comic follows a different team and different Thing.)

Footnote: The Thing after 1991

I have noted elsewhere that characters have changed since 1991 (see the end of the Marvel Universe and the end of Fantastic Four continuity). Since 1991 The Thing has been the Whorf character - the one that newcomers defeat to show how strong they are. This page is not about the new, weak Thing. This page is about the original Thing, the Ben Grimm created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby.